Window construction



Feb. 3, 1953 s. M. KASS 2,627,091

wmnow cousmucwxon Filed June '7. 1947 6 ssssssssss et 1 Feb. 3 s M, WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 7, 1947 ATTORNEYci INVENTOR @amaeL Y 1%265 Feb. 3, 1953 s, K ss WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 7, 1947 Feb. 3, 1953 s M. KAss 2,627,091

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed June 7, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 ORNEY-S.

Feb. 3, 1953 s. M. KASS 2,627,091

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed June 7, 1947 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 3, 1953 s. M. was

wmnow CONSTRUCTION 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed June 7, 1947 INVENTOR amael Patented Feb. 3, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Samuel M. Kass, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application June 7, 1947; Serial No. 753,337

'My invention relates to balancing, uiding and locking means for window sash.

The main purpose of my invention is to apply improved cooperating window balancing, guiding and locking means.

A further purpose is to apply a toothed rack and guiding bar to a window sash.

A further purpose is to provide cooperating and interfitting guide bars between upper and lower window sashes.

A further purpose is to use guiding bars which are fastened to different sashes in a window with flanges upon the bars, and theflange of one bar enclosing the flange extension of the other bar.

1 Claim. (Cl. 2052) A further purpose is to provide a spring balanoingv drum insert having recesses into which teeth from'a guiding bar are adapted .to fit, thereby securing spring control of the -movement of a sash.

A further purpose is to use, flanges. of interfitting bars toact as a separating bead between the sashes in a window instead of the bead commonly used.

A further purpose is to provide recesses in a drum into one of which recesses a pin is inserted to hold the wheel in a locked position.

Describing in illustration, but not in limitation, and referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window frame,

showing an upper and lower sash in closed position, and with my improved balancingguiding and locking device in position for operation in a window.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary perspective sectional view of a window sash with my improved rack and-guide bar secured thereto.

Figure '7 is a fragmentary perspective similar to Figure 4, but slightly modified and applied to a modified window sash, the sash illustration being fragmentary.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary front elevation partly in section showing in detail a roller applied to a window sash andadapted to engage the window frame for easier manipulation of a sash.

Figure 9v isa. detailed perspective view:of the roller used in Figure 8 and its supporting bracket.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary side elevation partly in section, somewhatsimilar to Figure 3, but illustrating a modification and taken on the line Iii-40; of Figure 11.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken on the line lll| of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a detailed perspective view of one form of drum used in carrying out my invention and in place in its supporting bracket.

Figure 13 is a transverse sectional view taken on some such line as l3--l3, of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken on the line I4I4 of Figure 13, with spring and shaft omitted.

Figure 15 is a transverse sectional view, includn spring and shaft, somewhat similar to Figure 14, but of .a modified form.

Figure 16 is a perspective view'of the rack, bearing and guiding means similar to that shown in Figure 4, with a modified rack.

Figure 1'? is a perspective view similar to Figures 4 and 16, but illustrating pins instead of teeth to form a rack.

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 4, but showing the guiding bar and rack in reversed engaging position.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of a modified. form of attachment for the guiding bars in which one guiding bar can slide within a U-shaped flange upon the other guiding bar.

Figure .20 is a fragmentary perspective viewof amodifled form of rack, a modified parting bead carried by the sash and an anti-friction roller which is adjustable with respect to different thicknesses of sash.

Figure 21 is a detailed fragmentary perspective view of the parting 'bea-d shown in Figure 20.

Figure 22 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to Figure 21 but showing a different position for use.

Figure 23 is a detailed fragmentary perspective similar to Figure 21 but illustrating a modification.

Figure 24 is a fragmentary sectional view of the adjustment of the anti-friction roller taken on the line 24-24 of Figure 20.

Figure 25 is a fragmentary sectional plan view through a window frame showing the two sash in full lines somewhat similar to Figure 2.

In some cases I have found it desirable, but particularly when a window sash is of considerable thickness, to arrange the different elements of my invention in a different manner from showings in the previously mentioned figures.

One of the objections in the present day window construction is, that between the upper and lower sash there has always been located a bead member, which extends from the bottom of the window frame to the top of the window frame inside of the frame and along the sides thereof.

It is my intention to remove the parting bead and one of the purposes of my invention is to supply other sash supporting and guiding means which will be described hereinafter.

I have preferred to illustrate my invention by showing one form only, with slight structural modifications.

In Figure 1, my improved Window balancing and guiding means is illustrated on opposite sides of the window sash, as shown at and 26.

In Figure 3, which is an enlarged sectional elevation of the structure of Figure 1, and in Figure 2, which is a sectional top plan view thereof, I have illustrated my invention as comprising rack bars 21 and 28. The rack bars are provided with projections 29, which are adapted to fit into openings in a drum 3|. The drum 3| is supported on a shaft 32 and makes bearing engagement at 33 and 34 in the bracket flanges 35 and 36. The bracket flanges 35 and 3B are joined at 31 and 38 for fastening int-o one of the uprights 39 of the window frame 40.

The rack bars 2'! and 28 are also provided with flanges 4| and 42. These flanges when in position are adapted to abut one another to provide guiding arrangement of one sash against another. The rack bars are placed in grooves 43 and 44 in the upper and lower window sashes. They are secured to the window sashes by means of any suitable fastenings 45 along the length of the groove and the bars have their upper ends turned at right angles to fit upon the end of the sash and are secured thereto by screws or other means 46.

The upper and lower sashes are represented at 41 and 48.

I have described one drum only and its bracket mount because all drums used in my invention are identical in construction, excepting as to the modifications shown as between Figures 14 and 15.

The drum shown in carrying out my invention is preferably provided with a cover 49, which is secured in any desirable manner about the shaft 32 to cover the interior of the drum. Within the drum and attached with one of its ends to the shaft 32 is a flat coiled spring 50. One end of the spring is fastened to the shaft 32 by inserting the free end of the spring into a slot 5| to securely hold the end of the spring. The opposite free end of the spring is bent at more than right angles to the coil of the spring to form a latch 52. The latch can be put in an angular recess 53 of any one of four projections 54, 55, 56 and 51. as shown in Figure 15. The spring can be Wound to provide more or less tension by tightening or by winding and unwinding and having the end placed behind either one of the projections 54, 55, 5B and 51.

In Figure 14 a preferred variation of the coiled spring fastening to the drum is illustrated by providing slots 54, 55', 56', and 51'.

It has been common in window construction to provide a beaded strip to separate the lower sash from the upper sash and to aid in providing tracks in which the window sashes operate. This bead in many instances has been considered undesirable because of the difficulty in applying position.

sashes in the frame while the bead was present.

My invention provides a new and novel arrangement of sash guiding and separating. In my construction the bead above referred to is removed entirely and in place of the bead, flanges and 42 upon rack bars 21 and 28 are arranged to abut one another in a recess 58 in the frame of the window. This recess would be present in many instances simply as a result of removal of the bead mentioned above.

It will be noted that when the window sashes are in closed position there is an overlapping of the upper and lower sashes at the center of the window. However, when one sash is raised or the other sash is lowered, there will be considerable contact of the flanges 4| and 42 with one another to provide bearing surfaces of the flanges one with the other to hold the window sashes firmly in place.

In Figures 5 and 19, I have shown one of the flanges 4| as being enclosed by a U-shaped flange extension '42. In this construction, the bars are held and guided without danger or too much play between the sashes.

I have shown some slight variations in the form of teeth to engage the drum in Figure 16. Rectangular projections 63 are punched out from the rack bars to form teeth to engage the drum, whereas in Figure 17, circular pins 60 are provided to engage apertures in the drum. While the shapes of these teeth vary, basically these teeth are similar to the other form of teeth 29 and perform the same functions. The rack bars are preferably made of one punching or stamping, but can be applied to any window sash, either right or left side, by turning the rack bar from one end to the other for application to the window. However, in some instances it may be desirable to make right and left handed rack bars for matching purposes.

The drum is provided with recesses or apertures as desired. In some instances, it is desirable to have apertures in the drum face particularly if pins of the variety shown in Figure 17 are used. Whereas if the rectangular projections shown in Figure 16 are used, it is desirable to have recesses over the face of the drum for proper alignment between the drum and the rack and the window sash.

I have also found it desirable to provide locating means to hold the window in any desired My locating means comprises placing an aperture 6| in the window frame shown in Figure 11, which registers with apertures 62 in the drum frame support, and with apertures 63 in one drum when the drum'is moved. A pin 64 is inserted into the different apertures to hold the drum from movement, thereby locking the drum against the rack and holding the window in any desired position.

In some assemblies I have found it desirable to add an anti-friction roller to the window sash. In Figure 8 the lower sash 48, at its upper end is notched at 65 to receive a roller 66 in a bracket 57. The bracket is fastened on the upper edge of the lower window sash and the roller 66 engages the side wall 6'! of a portion of the window frame.

A further illustration of the roller 66 and its mounting is present in Figure 9, in which openings 68 are shown. These openings are for adjustable placements with screws or the like upon the upper edge of the window.

In Figure '7 another form of rack is shown in which a projection 69 is formed and turned in the opposite direction from the rack teeth, to aid in holding the rack in placein the recess. This projection 68 can be insertedgthrough an opening Hi to be cut in the lower window sash. In all other respects the rack of Figure 7 is the same as the rack of Figure 4, but in Figure 7 the rack is shown attached to a window sash.

In Figure '7 I use the same drum structure as shown in Figures 2 and 3. However, the drums are mounted differently with respect to the sash from those of Figures 2 and 3. v

In Figures 10 and 11 the drums are shown with the drum for operating the lower window sash, as placed near the top thereof and the drum for the upper window sash is placed near the bottom thereof. In all other respects the drums are the same as those shown in Figures 2 and 3 with the exception of a slight modification of the drum surface in which openings for rack engagement are placed in the central portion of the drums for Figures 2 and 3, whereas in Figures 10 and 11 slots H are formed to cover the entire surface of the drum from one side to the other.

In Figures 10 and 11, I prefer to use the rack of Figure 16, in which the projections 60, are pressed from the metal of the rack and are used in cooperation with the recesses H in the drum surfaces of Figures 10, 11 and 12.

In Figure 12, where a detailed view of one of the drums of Figures 11 and 12 is shown, the the apertures 63 in the drum are adapted to receive the pins 64. In the form of drum of Figure 14, the pin 64 will cooperate with recesses 63' in the drum surface.

I prefer to use the arrangement of drums to cooperate with the window sashes in the illustration of Figure 5, in which one drum for the lower Window is placed directly in line with a drum for an upper window. However, this is a matter of choice and the device will operate per fectly whether the drums are in line with one another or one drum placed above the other. The only difference would be that in one instance two locking pins would be needed, one for each drum.

In Figures 5 and 6 the rack bar 28 may be flared at 28' the full length of the rack bar. This will provide weather stripping for the window because the flared end 28' will impinge against the window frame. Of course the same flaring of the rack on the other sash can be used for engagement against the recess of the window frame as shown at 28 in Figure 5.

In Figure I have preferred to show the rack 28 as a flat metal strip. Rack pins are secured to the strip material to complete the rack proper.

The rack 28 is countersunk, at 12 in the edge of a sash 48'.

As the window shown in Figure 20 is of a greater thickness than the sash of the previously mentioned figures, I have preferred to form the countersunk portion 12 centrally of the thickness of the sash, in order to register the rack pins with the drum in the frame of a window. This will provide for even balancing of the sash.

I have also discovered that when a sash of greater thickness is to be equipped with my invention, it is desirable to construct the parting bead 42' or vertical rail from a separate strip of metal from that of the rack 28 This arrangement of separating the parting bead from the rack is desirable when greater window thicknesses 'areencountered because it is not necessary to use as much metal as would be necessary if the-bead, the strip and the rack were made inionexpiece.

1 The bead 42 has a flange 13 extending laterally to engage the edge 48 of'a sash and is fastened by screws I4 to the edge 48 l The upper end of the parting bead 42 carries an ear 15 and a slot 16 into which a laterally extending shaft 11 may be secured.

At the front edge 48 of the sash 48' near the top thereof I place a bracket 18 having screws 19 which secure the bracket to the upper side edge of the sash. The bracket 18 carries an ear 80, which corresponds to the ear 15 on the parting bead-42 and is provided with a slot 8| into which a shaft 82 is secured.

The shafts 11 and 82 have their inner ends threaded at 83 and 84 into a circular cross sections fitting 85. Each end of the fitting B5 is threaded at 86 and 81 to receive nuts 88 and 89. The nuts are used to hold a roller 90 placed about the fitting to prevent the roller from becoming detached from the fitting.

The shaft 11 is held in place by [a nut 9| to the ear 1 5 and can be turned by a wrench engaging head 92. The shaft 82 is held in place against the bracket 18 by a nut 93 and can be turned with a wrench engaging head 94.

The roller can be positioned to engage the central part of the window sash in order that the sash will move easily when a user attempts to open or close a window and at the same time, due to the adaptability of the device to be adjusted easily, will aid in balancing the sash within a window frame.

In Figure 21 I have shown a view of the parting bead where the flange 13 is adapted to engage the end of a window.

In Figure 22 I have shown the same structure as that shown in Figure 21. However, the flange 13 has not been bent to the edge engaging position as shown in Figures 20 and 21, but in Figure 22 the flange is in a position to engage the outer face of a window sash to which it can be attached.

Figure 23 is almost identical with that shown in Figures 20-22 excepting the sash engaging flange may be out along some such line 95 and scored along some such line as 96 in order that the flange can act as an engaging means for the parting bead either against the edge of the sash as intended in Figure 21 or against the outer face of the sash as intended in Figure 22.

In Figure 25 the sash members -41 and 48 carry rack members '21 and 2 8 through which are atttached anti-friction domes 90' by means of prongs which are driven into the sash frame.

The anti-friction domes engage the walls 61 of the window frame and fill the space between the sash and the frame wall. These domes will aid in moving the window sash along its path of movement when being raised or lowered.

As in the previous figures, the racks '21 and 28 are provided with flanges M and 42 which act as a parting bead to guide the sash when operated.

In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the :ant, to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention without copying the structure shown, and I, therefore, claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my claim.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patenis:

' A window having a frame and upper and lower sash movably mounted within the frame for sliding movement, teeth in a vertical row on a vertical edge of one sash and a drum rotatably mounted on the frame and cooperating with the teeth, in combination with a vertical rail mounted on the upper sash, a vertical rail mounted on the lower sash, the rails cooperating to maintain the sash in fixed relative horizontal position, a bracket on one vertical edge of each sash adjoining the rail and horizontally spaced from the rail on that sash, a supporting extending in variable transverse horizontal position between each bracket and rail and comprising at least one bar and a fitting threaded in variable position on the bar, and a roller rotatably mounted on the fitting and cooperating with the frame to facilitate movement of the corresponding sash.

SAMUEL M. KASS.

8 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

